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Places We Protect

Kitty Todd Nature Preserve

Ohio

A field of purple lupine stretches to a border of trees in the background.
Kitty Todd Preserve Located in Northwest Ohio. © Randall Schieber

Our 1,400-acre Kitty Todd Preserve is a centerpiece of the Oak Openings Region.

Overview

Description

Ohio’s earliest European colonizers found the sandy soils of the Oak Openings Region to be unfit for growing crops, but it didn’t take botanists long to figure out that this “sand country” was unparalleled in the state for the propagation of rare and wild plants.

The 1,300-square-mile Oak Openings Region is a complex of oak savanna and wet prairie that developed on sand and clay deposited by glacial Lake Warren, the ancient predecessor of present-day Lake Erie. The combination of porous sandy soils of the former beach ridges and an impervious clay layer beneath those soils creates an unforgiving environment that fluctuates from flooding in the spring to arid in midsummer.

The Nature Conservancy’s 1,400-acre Kitty Todd Preserve is a centerpiece of the Oak Openings Region and a model of land management practices. TNC is very active in the Green Ribbon Initiative, an important regional partnership of conservation groups working together to protect the region's natural beauty and biological diversity.

Visitors can enjoy exploring three areas of the Kitty Todd Nature Preserve including the Oak Savanna and Cactus Loop trail as well as the Salamander Flats Wetland trail and Sandhill Crane Wetlands viewing area.

You play a critical role in restoring this magnificent landscape when you support our work.

Access

OPEN TO THE PUBLIC

Hours

The preserve is open year-round from dawn to dusk. Guided hikes are offered the first Saturday of the month from May through October.

Wheelchair Accessible

The Sandhill Crane Wetlands viewing area trail at Kitty Todd Nature Preserve is wheelchair accessible.

Highlights

Spring boasts abundant populations of blooming wild blue lupine, the only plant upon which the larvae of the federally endangered Karner blue butterfly feed. Year-round activities include hiking, birding, wildlife-watching, nature photography and observing native plants.

Size

1,400 acres

Explore our work in Ohio

Photos from Kitty Todd

The preserve’s 1,400 acres are comprised of low-lying wetlands and windblown sand dunes populated by prairie, oak savanna, woodland and forest in a rural suburban area.

Lupine flowers in a grassy field under a blue sky.
A female Karner blue butterfly sitting on a green leaf.
A tree silhouette against an orange sky at dusk.
A close-up shot of a Swallowtail butterfly on a Blazing Star Liatris flower.
Wetlands habitat: trees sitting in shallow water.
A Promethea caterpillar climbing a leaf.
Hikers looking at wildflowers and wildlife in a grassy field under a blue sky.
Scenic shot of grasslands on a sunny day.
A blue dasher dragonfly perched on a blade of grass.
Partridge peas wildflowers in a field.
Lupine flowers in a grassy field under a blue sky.

Lupine at Kitty Todd: Lupine is a rare species only found in oak savannas. © Randall Schieber

A female Karner blue butterfly sitting on a green leaf.

Karner Blue Butterfly: This butterfly is another rare oak savanna species. © Angie Cole

A tree silhouette against an orange sky at dusk.

Trees at Dusk: Woodland and forest make for a beautiful scenic walk. © David Ike

A close-up shot of a Swallowtail butterfly on a Blazing Star Liatris flower.

Swallowtail on blazing star: Pollinators frequent Kitty Todd for its rich flora. © Angie Cole

Wetlands habitat: trees sitting in shallow water.

Kitty Todd Wetlands: Wetland restoration is a newer focus at the preserve. © August Froehlich/TNC

A Promethea caterpillar climbing a leaf.

Promethea Caterpillar: Butterflies and caterpillars frequent the preserve. © Angie Cole

Hikers looking at wildflowers and wildlife in a grassy field under a blue sky.

Kitty Todd Nature Preserve: Hikers at Kitty Todd Preserve use binoculars to get a better look at the abundant wildflowers and wildlife. © Angie Cole

Scenic shot of grasslands on a sunny day.

Kitty Todd's Grasslands: Prairie is another rare habitat found at Kitty Todd. © Angie Cole

A blue dasher dragonfly perched on a blade of grass.

Blue Dasher: Male blue dashers spend much of their time perched on vegetation, with their wings folded forward. © Angie Cole

Partridge peas wildflowers in a field.

Partridge Peas: Partridge peas can be spotted across the preserve. © Angie Cole

Visit

  • Kitty Todd Preserve is composed of low-lying wetlands and windblown sand dunes populated by prairie, oak savanna, woodland and forest in a rural suburban area.

    Home to the globally endangered black oak savanna community, the preserve has one of the highest concentrations of rare species of any nature preserve in the state. Notable species include the lark sparrow, Karner blue butterfly and wild lupine.

  • Recreational activities at Kitty Todd include:

    • The preserve is open to the public for hiking, wildlife-watching, and volunteering.
    • Visitors can enjoy the 3/4 mile Oak Savanna and Cactus Loop trail, the 3/4 mile Salamander Flats Wetland trail and the short 300-foot accessible path to the Sandhill Crane Wetlands viewing area. Trail maps can be found in the Resources section of the Overview tab.
    • Guided hikes are scheduled every first Saturday of the month (May through October).
    • Find out how to become a volunteer.
    • Kitty Todd is a stop along the new Lake Erie Birding Trail. See what other sites are on the route.

  • Our vision is of a world where people and nature thrive together. The Nature Conservancy encourages people of all ages, races, ethnicities, religions, gender expressions and abilities to visit our preserves and has a zero-tolerance policy for racism and discrimination.

    The following activities are prohibited at Kitty Todd:

    • Pets of any kind (service animals are permitted)
    • Biking and mountain biking
    • Camping
    • Driving an ATV or off-road vehicle
    • Cooking or campfires
    • Horseback riding
    • Hunting
    • Picking flowers, berries, nuts or mushrooms
    • Removing any part of the natural landscape
    • Snowmobiling

    Use of other power-driven mobility devices (OPDMDs) is permitted only when the preserve is open to the public and only on the gravel trail and overlook at the Sandhill Crane Wetlands Viewing Area. OPDMDs cannot exceed 36 inches wide and may travel at no more than 4 miles per hour. Use of OPDMDs would cause direct irreparable damage to the savanna, prairies and forest habitats by damaging rare plant growth, altering wetland surface terrain, spreading invasive species and disturbing rare animals, most notably rare ground nesting birds. For more information about using OPDMDs at our open preserves, visit our OPDMD guidelines.

Spotlight on Nature—Kitty Todd Preserve (3:43) Kitty Todd Nature Preserve and the Oak Openings region of Northwest Ohio remain a refuge where rare plants and animals can thrive. Learn about the region and the work of The Nature Conservancy to protect and restore this unique landscape.

Current Conservation Work

Residential and industrial development in the area is accelerating, resulting in habitat loss and fragmentation. The region also has suffered from cessation of natural disturbances such as fire and changes in hydrology caused by drainage ditches and filled wetlands. The Nature Conservancy has been working to combat these threats through land acquisition, education, and restoration efforts.

  • In 2022, TNC completed restoration work at Sandhill Crane Wetlands, which restored 280 acres of marginal farmland to native wet prairie habitat.
  • In 2019, old sand borrow pits were retrofitted to create rare wetland and vernal pool habitat to benefit amphibians and reptiles. Staff transformed a series of these borrow pit ponds—areas where material was excavated for use elsewhere—by regrading steep banks and planting wetland vegetation. The project not only created high-quality habitat for native wildlife, but also promotes groundwater infiltration and helps to trap sediments and nutrients before they enter streams. Building on the effort, TNC partnered with the Ohio Department of Natural Resources to create a guidebook for private landowners that details best practices for pond restoration.
  • In 2017, TNC completed its Salamander Flats Wetland Restoration Project, which returned former farm fields to a habitat type that ecologists call lake plain wet prairie. The project earned funding through the EPA's Great Lake Restoration Initiative because it not only provides habitat for rare species, but also captures and stores sediment and fertilizers. Within months of the restoration, species like western chorus frogs and marsh birds began visiting the property to use the space for breeding and foraging.
  • In 2007 TNC restored 100 acres of wet prairie at Kitty Todd Preserve.
  • In 2003, the Kitty Todd Preserve began taking part in a statewide butterfly monitoring program to identify the abundance of Ohio’s rare and common butterflies.
  • In 1998 the preserve was selected as the first location for the reintroduction of the Karner blue butterfly, an endangered species whose caterpillar will feed only on wild blue lupine, which thrives at Kitty Todd.
  • Because most Oak Openings species are dependent on frequent disturbance, especially fire, TNC routinely employs specific management techniques such as mowing to control woody succession.
  • TNC and the partners of the Green Ribbon Initiative educate the public and landowners through Blue Week, an annual spring event that offers hikes, lectures, and family events.
Karner Blue Butterfly Once threatened by loss of its lupine home among oak savannas and pine barrens, is now making a comeback. © Ann Elliott Cutting Photography
Kitty Todd Preserve Western sunflower and liatris blooming. © Angie Cole
Prickly Pear Cactus Ohio's only native cactus loves the sandy soils in the Oak Openings region. You can find these along the trail at Kitty Todd Preserve. © Angie Cole
Kitty Todd Preserve Sandy soils meet prairie where blue lupines bloom. © Terry Seidel/TNC
Kitty Todd Preserve Cinnamon Ferns among the oak savanna. © Angie Cole
Blanding's Turtle Classified as threatened in Ohio, it can be found in wet meadows and aquatic areas of northern Ohio. A distinguishing feature is its yellow throat. © USFWS Midwest, CC BY 2.0

Find More Places We Protect

The Nature Conservancy owns nearly 1,500 preserves covering more than 2.5 million acres across all 50 states. These lands protect wildlife and natural systems, serve as living laboratories for innovative science and connect people to the natural world.

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